Hernia is an outwandering bodies from a cavity in norm them borrowed through properly existing or pathologically generated aperture with conservation of an integrity of envelopes, their covering, or availability of conditions for this purpose.
Let’s consider a hernia of a forward belly wall of a stomach. It is the most widespread surgical pathologies at children. An original cause of progress of hernias – defect of progress of a belly wall. However there are some features which we shall consider separately.

Umbilical hernia. For 4-5 day after a birth of the child the umbilical cord disappears. The umbilical ring consists of two parts. The bottom part where pass umbilical arteries and a uric channel, are well reduced and form a dense cicatricial fabric. In the top part there passes a umbilical vein. Its walls thin, have no muscular environment, are badly reduced in the further. Quite often at weak peritoneal band and patent to a umbilical vein the umbilical hernia is formed. Except for it the major factor promoting occurrence of this pathology, frequent increase of intrabelly pressure is. It can be caused, for example, frequent we cry the child.
The aperture in the top part of a umbilical ring can be wide, and not trouble the child. But in case of small defect with firm edges concern of the child probably. As a rule, a umbilical hernia always can be reduced. The restrained umbilical hernia to meet in an adult practice more often. However we quite often should operate children with unreducible hernias (when hernial contents are attached to an internal wall of a leather of a forward belly wall by solderings).

Experience of out-patient supervision of children with the umbilical hernias diagnosed at early age, allows to tell with confidence, that to 5-7 years age often there comes self-healing. Liquidation of a hernia is assisted with strengthening a belly wall. It certainly massage, laying of children on a tummy, gymnastics. Surgical treatment it is begun not earlier than 5 years age. Properly and accurately lead operation, allows to eliminate a hernia with good cosmetic effect. As a rule, relapses does not happen.

Hernia of “a white line” stomach (anteperitoneal adipoma). If to lead a line between omphalus and ensiform shoot of a brest is and there is “a white line” stomach. At a direct muscle of the stomach, shaping given area, is from 3-6 tendinous crosspieces. In seat of intersection of these crosspieces and “a white line” stomach sometimes there are small defects. In them it is often stuck out anteperitoneal fat. If they settle down in immediate proximity from a umbilical ring, them name paraumbilical (periomphalic) hernias. Unfortunately, these hernias are not inclined to spontaneous closing. Treatment only operative, similar to operation at a umbilical hernia.

An inguinal hernia. Very frequent surgical disease at children. As a rule, all hernias at children of early age congenital. What reasons of occurrence of this pathology? It is a lot of opinions in this occasion at children’s surgeons. It and weakness of a forward belly wall and feature of a structure inguinal areas and nonclosure vaginal a shoot abdominal membrane and a heredity. We shall try under the order, on an example of an congenital inguinal at the boy.
About from 6-th month of intra-uterine progress of the boy orchis fall from a belly cavity in marsupium on inguinal to the channel. Therefore these hernias name slanting. For presentation present itself, that on a tube (vaginal to a shoot abdominal membrane) as on the lift, orchis, conducted by the lowering mechanism  from a belly cavity goes down in marsupium. Then under the plan there is a closing a pipe (vaginal shoot abdominal membrane) and by that the termination of the message between belly completely and marsupium. If it does not occur, at increase of intrabelly pressure in the nonclosure vaginal shoot of abdominal membrane leaves contents of a belly cavity. It is an inguinal hernia.
What for to an organism to strain and stretch a stomach when there is an opportunity to dump a superfluous pressure in “hernial contents”. And frequently the child grows and … increases hernial bulge. Treatment of the given pathology only operative. Technically to carry out it at the child easier is more senior 1 year. However quite often operation is shown to the child at once at statement of the diagnosis. To wait dangerously. Occurrence of terrible complication – infringement inguinal hernias is possible. Hernial bulge in inguinal areas earlier that arising disappearing suddenly became firm, the child has begun to worry and has begun to cry, there was a vomiting, refusal of meal. At touch up to firm “bulla” in a groin to the child it is very painfull!!!
Most likely, there was an infringement inguinal hernias. To not give food, not give water and it is urgent to bring the child to the hospital. Muscles of a stomach have restrained contents of a hernial bag. It can be a site of a gut, a bladder or ootheca at girls. If urgently to not help the child after a while the site, deprived blood supplies, can be sphacelous, i.e. become lifeless. In that case treatment very heavy and long. In my practice there were 2 cases, hernial contents at the restrained hernia were a site of a blind gut with again changed an appendicular shoot. It was necessary to lead simultaneously with celotomy.

Believe, it is better to not lead up to infringement. To operate the child with a hernia it is necessary healthy, with good analyses and in the daytime. And it is possible only at scheduled operation. Every year in our branch, about to 500 children with the given pathology, scheduled operative interventions are spent. Operations last about 15-20 minutes, pass under a mask narcosis and the control of skilled anaesthesiologists. And here, after the small period of rehabilitation – your child is completely healthy. We have made all in time and properly.

Candidates for umbilical hernia surgery

That protrusion in or around the area of the belly button or umbilicus, is medically termed an umbilical hernia. The medical procedure to correct this defect is called umbilical hernia surgery. Anyone can have a hernia. It is common among infants and children, during pregnancy and the obese. Some people, as they grow into adulthood, find that the protrusion disappears.

 Those at risk of the possibility of having to undergo an umbilical hernia surgery are therefore generally adults.

The hernia is simply caused by a weak or open muscle, where the underlying tissue or organ can escape from. Ranging from small to large, it can even be a huge mass than can cause the sufferer nausea, vomiting, disturbance in bowel movements, severe pain and other symptoms.

 When a hernia gets stuck outside, it is known as an incarcerated hernia.

If complications develop like lack of blood supply occurs on the protruding mass or hernia sac, then this is known as a strangulated hernia.

Umbilical hernia surgery explained

 No matter the type, it is easy to correct. Modern techniques are such that in a matter of hours, you can walk out of the facility, rest for a few days at home, attain normal but non-strenuous activities soon, and be back in a bikini in a few weeks.

Umbilical hernia surgery can be performed using general anaesthetics, which is considered the classic procedure; or by the use of low level anaesthetics, more commonly known as local anaesthetics like lidocaine.

 The modern procedure of using local anaesthetics and the most minimal of incisions, is preferable, as it is aesthetically pleasing, there is faster healing due to the minimum of cuts, there is less bleeding to likely complicate the recovery, and it is almost pain free. ‘Almost’ is the key word here, as recovering from an umbilical hernia surgery is not pain free.

One should always expect soreness and discomfort during the recovery period. However, in a matter of days and with the help of oral pain relievers like ibuprofen and acetaminophen, one can go about normal daily activities, but not strenuous ones. With proper follow-ups to the attending surgeon for further assessment of the area corrected, in just a matter of two weeks, barring complications, you are back to normal, and can now get into your bikini and hit the beach, and feel grateful for your umbilical hernia surgery, which now allows you to show off a normal and attractive belly button.

The symptoms of hiatus hernia are reduced by some lifestyle changes like: eating small frequent meals rather than fewer large meals, avoid bending over or lying down after a meal, foods like spicy food, coffee and alcohol must be avoided, no smoking, lose excess weight if overweight and must sleep propped up on plenty of pillows or with the head end of the bed raised 10 cm.

People can take two medicines without prescription of a doctor like Antacids and H2 blockers. Antacids is liquid or tablet form and contain magnesium or aluminium which neutralize the stomach acid. Alginate is an ingredient which is contained by others and forms a barrier that floats on the top of the stomach contents and prevents them splashing back into the gullet, so it prevents heartburn and reflux symptoms.

Another medicine which can be taken is Bismuth, Rennies and Gaviscon. Antacids contain many ingredients. In case when the antacids are not working or must be taken a large quantities of antacids, a more powerful medication can be taken by a recommandation of a pharmacist. These powerful drugs are H2 blockers (H2 antagonists) which reduce the amount of acid produced by the stomach. The two of these medications are famotidine (Pepcid Two) and ranitidine (Zantac).

If a person needs medicines more than two or three times a week for indigestion regularly should consult a doctor, because he can prescribe longer-acting H2 antagonists. A proton pump inhibitor which reduce acid production can be prescribed by the doctor. Other two medicines are omeprazole (Losec) and lansoprazole (Zoton). Sucralfate or carboxenoxolone are other medicines which protect the stomach lining by the acid-attack.

Sometimes in hiatus hernia people use a complementary treatments like acupuncture, relaxation and visualisation, yoga and tai chi which are helpful, but their effects are unknown and they are not evidenced from scientific point that being effective.

Surgery is used rarely when the hiatus hernia causes severe symptoms or complications and this operation is named a fundoplication. This operation consists in a cut done in the upper abdomen, then the stomach is pushed into the correct position and secured it there and finally is repaired the gap of the diaphragm. There are two types of surgery: open surgery which can be made through an incision in the abdomen or keyhole (laparoscopic) surgery.

People with hiatus hernia should make changes in their lifestyle and have to take the correct treatment for their disease.

For more information about http://www.hernia-guide.com/Umbilical-Hernia.htm”>Umbilical Hernia or resources about http://www.hernia-guide.com/Hiatal-Hernia.htm”>Hiatal Hernia please review this website http://www.hernia-guide.com”>http://www.hernia-guide.com